अमूर्त

Surveillance report on typhoid fever epidemiology and risk factor assessment in district Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan

Faiz Rasul, Kalssom Sughra, Asim Mushtaq, Nadia Zeeshan, Sajid Mehmood, Umer Rashid

Background: Typhoid fever caused by the Salmonella typhi is a communicable disease and still a major health concern in developing countries. This study was carried to access the disease burden in Gujrat, Pakistan and associated risk factors.

Methodology: Data was collected from confirmed typhoid patients (n382) visiting different public and private sector hospitals through structured questionnaire prepared with the help of physician.

Results: The typhoid incidence seems higher in females 52.62% as compared to males 47.38. 160 patients (42.32%) belong to age group 21-30 years. 82.46% patients were suffered from typhoid infection during summer season (July-September). 64.81% of patients got infectioned are non-vaccinated and 58.37% are drinking non-filtered water. Most of the patients (76.17%) were got typhoid fever infection once. In our study majority of patients 61.24% were diagnosed early. Maximum 101 patients get rid of typhoid fever after two weeks of medication. The main complain observed was fever follow by diarrhoea cases and abdominal pain with 99.7%, 98.95% and 98.42% prevalence respectively.

Conclusion: The age group 21-30 was highly affected by typhoid infection. Water quality, vaccination and season have great impact on burden of typhoid fever in population. Fever, diarrhoea and abdominal pain are the major symptoms associated with typhoid fever.